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Napoleon Bonaparte was born on 15 August 1769 in Corsica into a gentry family. After he closedaccomplishedcompletedconcluded his education at a military school, in the end of the 18th century he was promotedchosenelected toemployed commander of the French army in Italy, where he forced Austria and its alliancesleaguealliesunion to make peace. In 1798, Napoleon wonbeatfoughtconquered Ottoman-ruled Egypt in an attempt to strike at British trade routes with India, but his shipsvesselfleetnavy got destroyed by the British at the Battle of the Nile.

France now faced a new coalition - Austria and Russia had wentsteppedenteredgot into an alliance with Britain. Napoleon got back to Paris where the governessgovernorgovernmentgovernorship was in crisis. After a coup d'etat in November 1799, Napoleon became first consul. In 1802, he was made consul for life and two years later, emperor. He controlled the centralisation of government, the creationpreparingformationestablishment of the Bank of France, the reinstatement of Roman Catholicism as the state religion.

In 1800, he won the Battle of Marengo over the Austrians. Then he negotiatedestablishedagreedmade a general European peace which established French power on the continent. In 1803 Britain attacked France then later Russia and Austria leaptjoinedwentstepped in the war. Britain defeated the French navy at Trafalgar in 1805 so Napoleon gave upabandonedforgotquit plans to invade England and turned on the Austro-Russian forces and defeated them at Austerlitz. He wontookgotgained much new territory, including annexation of Prussian lands which gave him rulepowercontrolreign of Europe.

In 1810, he divorced his wife, to Josephine de Beauharnais and married the daughter of the Austrian emperor hoping to have a heirheritageinheritancelegacy His son was born a year later.

The Peninsular War began in 1808. The French bearsufferedundergoendure big defeats over the next five years, which drained French military springsresourcessourcessupplies His invasion of Russia in 1812 broughtresulted ineffectedcaused an enormous retreat. The tide started to turn in favour of the allies and in March 1814, Paris fell. Napoleon fledapplieddidwent into exile on the Mediterranean island of Elba. In March 1815 he escaped and marched on the French capital. His short powerreignkingdomrule was ended with The Battle of Waterloo. He got inprisonedprisonprisonedimprisoned by the British on the far-away Atlantic island of St. Helena where he died on 5 May 1821.