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Napoleon Bonaparte was born on 15 August 1769 in Corsica into a gentry family. After he completedclosedconcludedaccomplished his education at a military school, in the end of the 18th century he was elected toemployedchosenpromoted commander of the French army in Italy, where he forced Austria and its unionalliancesleagueallies to make peace. In 1798, Napoleon conqueredwonbeatfought Ottoman-ruled Egypt in an attempt to strike at British trade routes with India, but his fleetshipsvesselnavy got destroyed by the British at the Battle of the Nile.

France now faced a new coalition - Austria and Russia had steppedenteredwentgot into an alliance with Britain. Napoleon got back to Paris where the governmentgovernorshipgovernessgovernor was in crisis. After a coup d'etat in November 1799, Napoleon became first consul. In 1802, he was made consul for life and two years later, emperor. He controlled the centralisation of government, the preparingformationcreationestablishment of the Bank of France, the reinstatement of Roman Catholicism as the state religion.

In 1800, he won the Battle of Marengo over the Austrians. Then he negotiatedestablishedagreedmade a general European peace which established French power on the continent. In 1803 Britain attacked France then later Russia and Austria steppedjoinedwentleapt in the war. Britain defeated the French navy at Trafalgar in 1805 so Napoleon quitgave upabandonedforgot plans to invade England and turned on the Austro-Russian forces and defeated them at Austerlitz. He wontookgainedgot much new territory, including annexation of Prussian lands which gave him controlpowerreignrule of Europe.

In 1810, he divorced his wife, to Josephine de Beauharnais and married the daughter of the Austrian emperor hoping to have a heritageinheritanceheirlegacy His son was born a year later.

The Peninsular War began in 1808. The French enduresufferedundergobear big defeats over the next five years, which drained French military sourcesresourcesspringssupplies His invasion of Russia in 1812 causedeffectedbroughtresulted in an enormous retreat. The tide started to turn in favour of the allies and in March 1814, Paris fell. Napoleon fledwentdidapplied into exile on the Mediterranean island of Elba. In March 1815 he escaped and marched on the French capital. His short reignrulepowerkingdom was ended with The Battle of Waterloo. He got prisoninprisonedimprisonedprisoned by the British on the far-away Atlantic island of St. Helena where he died on 5 May 1821.